This article is about the software as a whole. For the first edition, see.Vocaloid ( ボーカロイド, Bōkaroido) is a singing. Its signal processing part was developed through a joint research project led by Kenmochi Hideki at the in, in 2000 and was not originally intended to be a full commercial project. Backed by the, it developed the software into the commercial product 'Vocaloid' which was released in 2004.The software enables users to synthesize 'singing' by typing in. It uses synthesizing technology with specially recorded vocals of voice actors or singers. To create a song, the user must input the melody and lyrics.

A type interface is used to input the melody and the lyrics can be entered on each note. The software can change the stress of the pronunciations, add effects such as vibrato, or change the dynamics and tone of the voice.Various voice banks have been released for use with the Vocaloid synthesizer technology. Each is sold as 'a singer in a box' designed to act as a replacement for an actual singer. As such, they are released under a. These avatars are also referred to as Vocaloids, and are often marketed as virtual idols; some have gone on to perform at live concerts as an on-stage projection.The software was originally only available in starting with the first Vocaloids Leon, Lola and Miriam by, and with and made by Yamaha and sold. Vocaloid 3 has added support for for the Vocaloids Bruno, Clara and Maika; for Luo Tianyi and Xin Hua; for SeeU.The software is intended for professional musicians as well as light computer music users.

Japanese musical groups such as of and of have released their songs featuring Vocaloid as vocals. Japanese record label Exit Tunes of also have released featuring Vocaloids. Artists such as have also used Vocaloids within their work for back up singer vocals and sound samples. Vocaloid system diagram(based on Fig.1 on )The main parts of the Vocaloid 2 system are the Score Editor (Vocaloid 2 Editor), the Singer Library, and the Synthesis Engine. The Synthesis Engine receives score information from the Score Editor, selects appropriate samples from the Singer Library, and concatenates them to output synthesized voices.

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There is basically no difference in the Score Editor and the Synthesis Engine provided by Yamaha among different Vocaloid 2 products. If a Vocaloid 2 product is already installed, the user can enable another Vocaloid 2 product by adding its library. The system supports three languages, Japanese, Korean, and English, although other languages may be optional in the future.

It works standalone (playback and export to ) and as a application or a instrument (VSTi) accessible from a (DAW).Score Editor. Song example: 'The Score Editor is a style editor to input notes, lyrics, and some expressions.

When entering lyrics, the editor automatically converts them into Vocaloid using the built-in pronunciation dictionary. The user can directly edit the phonetic symbols of unregistered words. The Score Editor offers various parameters to add expressions to singing voices.

The user is supposed to optimize these parameters that best fit the synthesized tune when creating voices. This editor supports ReWire and can be synchronized with DAW. Real-time 'playback' of songs with predefined lyrics using a is also supported.

Singer Library Each Vocaloid license develops the Singer Library, or a of vocal fragments sampled from real people.The database must have all possible combinations of of the target language, including (a chain of two different phonemes) and sustained vowels, as well as with more than two phonemes if necessary. For example, the voice corresponding to the word 'sing' (sIN) can be synthesized by concatenating the sequence of diphones '#-s, s-I, I-N, N-#' (# indicating a voiceless phoneme) with the sustained vowel ī. The Vocaloid system changes the of these fragments so that it fits the melody. In order to get more natural sounds, three or four different pitch ranges are required to be stored into the library. Japanese requires 500 diphones per pitch, whereas English requires 2,500.

Japanese has fewer diphones because it has fewer phonemes and most syllabic sounds are ending in a. In Japanese, there are basically three patterns of diphones containing a: voiceless-consonant, vowel-consonant, and consonant-vowel. On the other hand, English has many ending in a consonant, and consonant-consonant and consonant-voiceless diphones as well. Thus, more diphones need to be recorded into an English library than into a Japanese one. Due to this linguistic difference, a Japanese library is not suitable for singing in eloquent English. Synthesis Engine.

Vocaloid Synthesis Engine(based on Fig.4 on harvnb error: no target: CITEREFKenmochiOhshima,Interspeech2007 )The Synthesis Engine receives score information contained in dedicated messages called Vocaloid MIDI sent by the Score Editor, adjusts pitch and of the selected samples in frequency domain, and splices them to synthesize singing voices. When Vocaloid runs as VSTi accessible from DAW, the bundled VST bypasses the Score Editor and directly sends these messages to the Synthesis Engine. Timing adjustment In singing voices, the consonant of a syllable is uttered before the vowel onset is uttered. The starting position of a note ('Note-On') must be the same as that of the vowel onset, not the start of the syllable. Vocaloid keeps the 'synthesized score' in memory to adjust sample timing so that the vowel onset should be strictly on the 'Note-On' position. No timing adjustment would result in delay.

Pitch conversion Since the samples are recorded in different pitches, pitch conversion is required when concatenating the samples. The engine calculates a desired pitch from the notes, and vibrato parameters, and then selects the necessary samples from the library. Timbre manipulation. As Gumi, a mascot of, at JAPAN 2009 Vocaloid-flex Yamaha developed Vocaloid-flex, a singing software application based on the Vocaloid engine, which contains a. According to the official announcement, users can edit its phonological system more delicately than those of other Vocaloid series to get closer to the actual speech language; for example, it enables final devoicing, unvoicing vowel sounds or weakening/strengthening consonant sounds. It was used in a video game released on April 28, 2010. It is still a corporate product and a consumer version has not been announced.

This software was also used for the robot model at Japan 2009. Gachapoid has access to this engine and it is used through the software V-Talk.

VocaListener Another Vocaloid tool that was developed was VocaListener, a software package that allows for realistic Vocaloid songs to be produced by analyzing an audio recording of a singing performance and imitating it to generate Vocaloid singing parameters automatically. See also: To aid in the production of 3D Vocaloid animations, the program was developed. This allowed a boom in the birth of fan-made and derivative characters, as well as a boost in the promotions of Vocaloid songs. MikuMikuDance's developer went on a hiatus in May 2011 (initially announced as a retirement from development), but started updating the software again in June 2013. NetVocaloid NetVocaloid was an online vocal synthesis service.

Users could synthesize singing voices on a device connected to the Internet by executing the Vocaloid engine on the server. This service could be used even if the user did not own the Vocaloid software. The service was available in both English and Japanese. However, as of April 2012, the service was no longer being offered on Yamaha's website. MMDAgent MMDAgent is a software developed by the International Voice Engineering Institute in the, and the Alpha version was released on December 25, 2010. This particular software allows users to interact with 3D models of the Vocaloid mascots. The software is made from 3D models and sound files that have already been made available on the internet and will be disputed as freeware for that reason.

Vocaloid Editor for Cubase. Screenshot of Aoki Lapis vers.Available inJapaneseVoice Synthesizer SoftwareWebsiteOriginally introduced as 'i-Vocaloid', this is a mobile app version of the Vocaloid software with Vocaloid2 technology and was released for the iPhone.

Yamaha announced a version of the Vocaloid software for the iPhone and iPad, which exhibited at the Y2 Autumn 2010 Digital Content Expo in Japan. VocaloWitter products., a Japanese feminine vocal.

This was first announced in December 2010, VY1 was released in an adapted version of the Vocaloid software 'iVOCALOID' for the iPad and iPhone as 'VY1t'., a Japanese masculine vocal, was due for release. VY2's version would have adjusted the VY1 version for compatibility and performance reasons. However, it has never been released.

was added to this software in December 2012. This is a Japanese female vocal. This particular version of the VocaloWitter app took first place out of all paid-for apps on the iTunes store on 11 September 2013. IPhone and iPad vers.

With VY1t loadedAvailable inJapaneseVoice synthesizer AppsWebsiteThis was a more advanced version of the VocaloWitter app and was for the iPhone and iPad, it was based on the Vocaloid2 and Vocaloid3 engine. It was originally released alongside the version of Vocaloid called 'i-Vocaloid' (later renamed ) and was released using a version of the software. It contains many of the same functions as software although some functions are absent. It was released at a much lower price then the full software, offering a cheap alternative to buying the PC version. However, it is only available in Japanese and requires a Japanese chip to install. In August 2014, it was upgraded, enabling users to download the update.

The update allowed access to the Vocaloid Net service. For the first time, users could exchange VSQX files with or the Vocaloid 3 Neo version. Using Vocaloid Net gave users free access to a standard song writing service for the first time. IVocaloid products.; A feminine vocal released for the software. This was the first vocal sold.; In October 2011, VY2 was made available, this is a masculine vocal.; Lapis was added in November 2012, she is a female vocal.; Merli was added August 2014, she is a female vocal. IPad and iPhone versions of the softwareAvailable inJapanese, EnglishVocal Synthesizer AppsWebsiteMobile Vocaloid Editor is a and version of the Vocaloid 4 engine. It comes with VY1 'Lite' as standard and demo songs are bundled with the app.

The app offers 'DYN', 'PIT' and 'VIB' and handles 16 tracks of data. It can do 999 bars of music, but, in comparison to the full editor, cannot do 'growl' or 'cross-synthesis'. The input entries of the app differ from the normal Vocaloid 4 method of importing data.

Most functions can be used with one or two fingers and it is possible to draw parameter lines with a single finger. Compared also to iVocaloid, it can achieve the full C2G8 range of notes. Despite the inclusion of English vocals, it currently has no English interface and is sold only in Japan. Is partly responsible for Vocaloid's success.The software became very popular in Japan upon the release of Crypton Future Media's Hatsune Miku Vocaloid 2 software and her success has led to the popularity of the Vocaloid software in general.

Japanese played a fundamental role in the recognition and popularity of the software. A user of Hatsune Miku and an illustrator released a much-viewed video, in which 'Hachune Miku', a Miku, held a ( Negi in Japanese), which resembles a leek, and sang the ' like the ', on Nico Nico Douga. According to Crypton, they knew that users of Nico Nico Douga had started posting videos with songs created by the software before Hatsune Miku, but the video presented multifarious possibilities of applying the software in multimedia content creation—notably the culture.As the recognition and popularity of the software grew, Nico Nico Douga became a place for collaborative content creation.

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Popular original songs written by a user would generate illustrations, animation in and, and remixes by other users. Other creators would show their unfinished work and ask for ideas. The software has also been used to tell stories using song and verse and the Story of Evil series has become so popular that a manga, six books, and two theatre works were produced by the series creator. Another theater production based on 'Cantarella', a song sung by Kaito and produced by Kurousa-P, was also set to hit the stage and will run Shibuya's Space Zero theater in Tokyo from August 3 to August 7, 2011. The website has become so influential that studios often post demos on Nico Nico Douga, as well as other websites such as, as part of the promotional effort of their Vocaloid products. The important role Nico Nico Douga has played in promoting the Vocaloids also sparked interest in the software and, the artist of Gakupo's mascot design, had offered his services for free because of his love for the website.In September 2009, three figurines based on the derivative character 'Hachune Miku' were launched in a from the state of 's, though it did not reach. In late November 2009, a petition was launched in order to get a custom made Hatsune Miku aluminum plate (8 cm x 12 cm, 3.1' x 4.7') made that would be used as a balancing weight for the Japanese.

Started by Hatsune Miku fan Sumio Morioka that goes by chodenzi-P, this project received the backing of Dr. Seiichi Sakamoto of the (JAXA).

The website of the petition written in Japanese was translated into other languages such as English, Chinese and Korean, and, the petition exceeded the needed 10,000 signatures necessary to have the plates made on December 22, 2009. On May 21, 2010 at 06:58:22 , Akatsuki was launched on the rocket 202 Flight 17 from the Japanese, having three plates depicting Hatsune Miku.The Vocaloid software has also had a great influence on the character, which looks like Hatsune Miku but is not linked to her by design. The character was made famous by the song 'Black Rock Shooter', and a number of figurines have been made. An made by was streamed for free as part of a promotional campaign running from June 25 to August 31, 2010.

The virtual idols 'Meaw' have also been released aimed at the Vocaloid culture. The twin Thai virtual idols released two singles, 'Meaw Left ver.'

And 'Meaw Right ver.' , sung in Japanese.A cafe for one day only was opened in Tokyo based on Hatsune Miku on August 31, 2010. A second event was arranged for all Japanese Vocaloids. 'Snow Miku' was also featured on an event as a part of the 62nd in February 2011. A Vocaloid-themed TV show on the Japanese Vocaloids called Vocalo Revolution began airing on on January 3, 2011. The show is part of a bid to make the Vocaloid culture more widely accepted and features a mascot known as 'Cul', also mascot of the 'Cul Project'.

The show's first success story is a joint collaboration between Vocalo Revolution and the school fashion line 'Cecil McBee' Music x Fashion x Dance. Piapro also held a competition with famous fashion brands with the winners seeing their -based designs reproduced for sale by the company Putumayo. A radio station set up a 1-hour program containing nothing but Vocaloid-based music.The Vocaloid software had a great influence on the development of the freeware.

Several products were produced for the ( Mac音シリーズ) for intended use for the programs. These products were sold by Act2 and by converting their file format, were able to also work with the Utau program. The program Maidloid, developed for the character Acme Iku ( 阿久女イク), was also developed, which works in a similar way to Vocaloid, except produces erotic sounds rather than an actual singing voice. Other than Vocaloid, AH Software also developed Tsukuyomi Ai and Shouta for the software, and the sale of their Vocaloids gave AH software the chance to promote Voiceroid at the same time. The software is aimed for speaking rather than singing. Both AH Software's Vocaloids and Voiceroids went on sale on December 4, 2009. Crypton Future Media has been reported to openly welcome these additional software developments as it expands the market for synthesized voices.During the events of the, a number of Vocaloid related donation drives were produced.

Crypton Future Media joined several other companies in a donation drive, with money spent on the sales of music from Crypton Future Media's KarenT label being donated to the. In addition, a special of Hatsune Miku, Nendoroid Hatsune Miku: Support ver., was announced with a donation of 1,000 yen per sale to the Japanese Red Cross.In 2012, Vocaloid was quoted as one of the contributors to a 10% increase in related services. In 2013, the Vocaloid 3 software Oliver was used as the voice of character Puppycat from their web series Bee and Puppycat.

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'Gashapon' is used for both the machines themselves and the toys obtained from them. Popular gashapon manufacturers include, which uses the shortened term gacha ( ガチャ, gacha) for their capsule machines,. In the, 'Gashapon' is a registered trademark of the, and gashapon are referred to as blind box sets due to packaging requirements by retailers prior to official distribution of the actual gashapon machines. The gashapon model has been adapted digitally into numerous such as mobile phone games and (MMOs). Gashapon machines in Hong KongVirtually all gashapon are released in sets—each series will have a number of figures to collect.

They are, by nature, a 'blind purchase'; people insert coins and hope to get the toy or figure they desire. Such an amusement element may become frustrating, as one risks obtaining the same item repeatedly.Enthusiastic collectors will buy sets from gashapon stores in places such as 's or 's (Den-Den Town). Depending on the store, the sets are usually cheaper than buying them randomly out of a machine.Types Blind-boxes In recent years, the term gashapon has also come to refer to blind-box trading figures, which are essentially the same product sold randomly out of sealed packages instead of a machine. Bottle cap figures Another variety of gashapon is bottle cap figures. These small figures are mounted atop a plastic, as might be found on a twenty-ounce bottle. They are sold both in machine capsules and blind boxes. The caps are not functional as they lack to secure them to the mouth of the bottle.Video games.

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The mechanism has come under scrutiny for its similarity to gambling, and some countries require drop rates to be made public, or have banned certain practices (e.g., ). See also.References.